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The name of Sweden (Swedish ''Sverige'' (:ˈsvær.jə)) is ultimately derived from the ethnonym of the ''Swedes''. The English name was loaned from Dutch in the 17th century to refer to Sweden as an emerging great power. Before Sweden's imperial expansion, Early Modern English used ''Swedeland''. The Old English name of Sweden was ''Sweoland'' or ''Sweorice'', land or realm of the ''Sweonas'', The Germanic tribes of the ''Sviar'' (Old Norse ''Svíþjóð''). The name of the ''Sviar'' itself is derived from a Proto-Norse '' *Swihoniz'', presumably a self-designation containing the Germanic reflexive '' *swe-'' "one's own, self". ==Sweden== The modern English name ''Sweden'' is exceptional in being loaned from Dutch.〔Alongside the name Netherlands itself, and arguably the name of New Zealand〕 Before the gradual introduction of ''Sweden'' in the 17th century, English used ''Swedeland''. It is based on Middle Dutch ''Zweden'', the Dutch name of Sweden, and in origin the dative plural of ''Zwede'' "Swede". It has been in use in English from about 1600, first recorded in Scottish ''Swethin, Swadne''. Country names based on a dative plural in ''-n'' became productive in German and Dutch in the 15th century; compare German ''Italien'' "Italy", ''Spanien'' "Spain", ''Rumänien'' "Romania", ''Ungarn'' "Hungary".〔 J. Grimm, ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'', s.v. ("Spanien" ): "der im mhd. übliche nom. sing. wurde dann nhd. nach der analogie von Baiern, Thüringen u.s.w. (dat. plur. des bewohnernamens) umgebildet", with citations from Keller (ed.), ''Fastnachtspiele aus dem fünfzehnten Jahrhundert'' (1853) and ''Valentin Schumanns Nachtbüchlein'' (1559).〕 Outside of Dutch, German and English, the name ''Sweden'' has also been adopted in Welsh. The English form in ''-n'' has also influenced a number of non-European languages, including Yoruba ''Swídìn'' and the Chinese rendition 瑞典 (pinyin ''Ruìdiǎn''), and via the Chinese Hanzi spelling various other languages in the larger Sinosphere (such as Vietnamese ''Thụy Điển'', Southern Min ''Sūi-tián'', etc.). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Name of Sweden」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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